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The impact of conservation tillage on pesticide runoff into surface water: A review and analysis

Richard S. Fawcett, Brian R. Christensen and Dennis P. Tierney
Journal of Soil and Water Conservation March 1994, 49 (2) 126-135;
Richard S. Fawcett
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Brian R. Christensen
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Dennis P. Tierney
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The presence of detectable concentrations of pesticides in surface water has caused some concerns about possible effects on human health and aquatic biology. Herbicides are the class of pesticide most frequently detected. Several popular soil-applied herbicides can be commonly detected in surface water during the growing season and can sometimes exceed drinking water standards (standards based on daily lifetime exposure) following runoff events (1, 31, 37).

Adoption of various Best Management Practices (BMPs) is being urged in many areas to reduce pesticide runoff. Conservation tillage is one BMP commonly suggested for this purpose. As defined by the Conservation Technology Information Center (CTIC) conservation tillage leaves a minimum of 30 percent of the soil surface covered with crop residue after planting (11). Conventional tillage, as defined by CTIC and as used in this article, totally disturbs the soil surface and buries crop residue. The moldboard plow is usually used in these systems.

No-till systems leave the soil undisturbed before planting and complete planting in a narrow (3 to 8 cm or 1 to 3 inches) seedbed. In ridge-till …

Footnotes

  • Richard S. Fawcett is president of Fawcett Consulting, Huxley IA 50124; Brian R. Christenen is supervising environmental scientist, JMM Consulting Engineers, Inc., Wayzata, Minnesota, 55391; and Dennis P. Tierney is environmental product manager, Agricultural Division, CIBA-GEIGY Corp., Greensboro, North Carolina 27419.

  • Copyright 1994 by the Soil and Water Conservation Society

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Journal of Soil and Water Conservation: 49 (2)
Journal of Soil and Water Conservation
Vol. 49, Issue 2
March/April 1994
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The impact of conservation tillage on pesticide runoff into surface water: A review and analysis
Richard S. Fawcett, Brian R. Christensen, Dennis P. Tierney
Journal of Soil and Water Conservation Mar 1994, 49 (2) 126-135;

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The impact of conservation tillage on pesticide runoff into surface water: A review and analysis
Richard S. Fawcett, Brian R. Christensen, Dennis P. Tierney
Journal of Soil and Water Conservation Mar 1994, 49 (2) 126-135;
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