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Research ArticleResearch Section

Comparison of conventional and no-tillage corn and soybean production on runoff and erosion in the southeastern US Piedmont

C.W. Raczkowski, M.R. Reyes, G.B. Reddy, W.J. Busscher and P.J. Bauer
Journal of Soil and Water Conservation January 2009, 64 (1) 53-60; DOI: https://doi.org/10.2489/jswc.64.1.53
C.W. Raczkowski
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M.R. Reyes
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G.B. Reddy
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W.J. Busscher
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P.J. Bauer
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Abstract

Soil erosion on southern Piedmont soils remains a problem without application of sound conservation practices. This study was conducted to compare a no-tillage (NT) system with a conventional-tillage (CT) system in row-cropped land under natural rainfall conditions for six continuous years. Runoff and soil loss were continuously monitored from May 1995 to April 2001 from four erosion plots (7.3 m × 12.2 m [24 ft × 40 ft]) in CT and four plots in NT under a corn (Zea mays L.)-soybean (Glycine max L.) rotation in a Mecklenburg sandy clay loam and Enon clay loam (fine mixed, active, thermic, Ultic Hapludalfs) at a Piedmont location. Runoff was significantly less for NT than for CT in three study years; in the other three years no differences between treatments where found. The NT six-year runoff average was 33% lower than the six-year runoff average of CT. The tolerable soil loss level of 7.0 Mg ha-1 y-1 (3.1 tn ac-1 yr-1) was exceeded in CT in four study years, while annual NT losses were always below 7.0 Mg ha-1 y-1 The six-year soil loss average was 74.7 Mg ha-1 (33.3 tn ac-1) and 2.6 Mg ha-1 (1.2 tn ac-1) for CT and NT, respectively. In CT, most of the soil lost during the six-year study period occurred during rain storms of high intensity. No-till was highly effective at protecting against soil loss during these rain storms.

Footnotes

  • Charles W. Raczkowski is an associate professor of soil science, Manuel R. Reyes is a professor of bioenvironmental engineering, and Gudigopuram B. Reddy is a professor of soil science in the Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Design at North Carolina A&T State University in Greensboro, North Carolina. Warren J. Busscher is a soil scientist and Phil J. Bauer is a research agronomist in the USDA Agricultural Research Service at the Soil, Water, and Plant Research Center in Florence, South Carolina.

  • © 2009 by the Soil and Water Conservation Society

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Journal of Soil and Water Conservation: 64 (1)
Journal of Soil and Water Conservation
Vol. 64, Issue 1
January/February 2009
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Comparison of conventional and no-tillage corn and soybean production on runoff and erosion in the southeastern US Piedmont
C.W. Raczkowski, M.R. Reyes, G.B. Reddy, W.J. Busscher, P.J. Bauer
Journal of Soil and Water Conservation Jan 2009, 64 (1) 53-60; DOI: 10.2489/jswc.64.1.53

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Comparison of conventional and no-tillage corn and soybean production on runoff and erosion in the southeastern US Piedmont
C.W. Raczkowski, M.R. Reyes, G.B. Reddy, W.J. Busscher, P.J. Bauer
Journal of Soil and Water Conservation Jan 2009, 64 (1) 53-60; DOI: 10.2489/jswc.64.1.53
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