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Research ArticleA Section

Using enhanced wetlands for nitrogen removal in an agricultural watershed

Anna Fehling, Steve Gaffield and Stephen Laubach
Journal of Soil and Water Conservation September 2014, 69 (5) 145A-148A; DOI: https://doi.org/10.2489/jswc.69.5.145A
Anna Fehling
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Steve Gaffield
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Stephen Laubach
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Excess nitrogen (N) in temperate watersheds has been associated with an array of environmental problems, including polluted wells and surface water. The hypoxic zone in the Gulf of Mexico has created a particular focus on N loads in the Mississippi River Basin. Nitrogen sources include urban runoff; atmospheric deposition; point sources, such as waste-water treatment plants; and nonpoint sources, such as runoff from agricultural lands. Approximately two-thirds of the N load of the Mississippi River is from agriculture, underscoring the importance of balancing productive farming with water quality improvement (Goolsby and Battaglin 2000).

Wetland restoration has been identified as a strategy with the potential to reduce watershed N loads. Slowly moving water, high microbial activity, and long residence times can create low dissolved oxygen (O2) conditions under which bacteria convert nitrate (NO3) to N gas in shallow water wetlands (Kadlec and Knight 1996). This denitrification processs physically removes N in the form of inert N gas from the aquatic system (Hey et al. 2012). Forshay and Stanley (2005) documented rapid denitrification in wetland sloughs on the Wisconsin River floodplain, where NO3 concentrations in floodwater captured by overbank flow into the sloughs decreased significantly over a few days.

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  • © 2014 by the Soil and Water Conservation Society
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Journal of Soil and Water Conservation: 69 (5)
Journal of Soil and Water Conservation
Vol. 69, Issue 5
September/October 2014
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Using enhanced wetlands for nitrogen removal in an agricultural watershed
Anna Fehling, Steve Gaffield, Stephen Laubach
Journal of Soil and Water Conservation Sep 2014, 69 (5) 145A-148A; DOI: 10.2489/jswc.69.5.145A

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Using enhanced wetlands for nitrogen removal in an agricultural watershed
Anna Fehling, Steve Gaffield, Stephen Laubach
Journal of Soil and Water Conservation Sep 2014, 69 (5) 145A-148A; DOI: 10.2489/jswc.69.5.145A
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