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Research ArticleResearch Section

No-tillage and fertilizer-nitrogen improved sorghum yield in dryland wheat–sorghum–fallow rotation

M.A. Majrashi, A.K. Obour, C.J. Moorberg, R.P. Lollato, J.D. Holman, J. Du, M.M. Mikha and Y. Assefa
Journal of Soil and Water Conservation November 2022, 77 (6) 609-618; DOI: https://doi.org/10.2489/jswc.2022.00241
M.A. Majrashi
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A.K. Obour
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C.J. Moorberg
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R.P. Lollato
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J.D. Holman
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J. Du
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M.M. Mikha
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Y. Assefa
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Abstract

Grain crop rotations are common in temperate semiarid regions, but the effect of long-term tillage and fertilizer-nitrogen (N) rate interaction on sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench ssp. Bicolor) grain yield in a winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)–sorghum–fallow rotation is not well understood. This study was conducted from 2015 to 2020 using long-term plots established in 1965. Experimental design was randomized complete block with split-plot arrangement of treatments. Main plots were conventional tillage (CT), reduced tillage (RT), and no-tillage (NT), and subplots treatments were 0, 45, 90, and 135 kg N ha−1. Tillage × N rate and year × tillage × N rate interactions had no effect on grain yield, but yield was greatest with NT in 2016 and unaffected by tillage in other years. The year × N rate had significant effect on grain yield because of no response to N fertilizer in 2015 and greater responses from 2018 to 2020. Across years and tillage treatments, mean grain yield increased quadratically by 52%, 70%, and 83% as N rate increased from 0 to 45, 90, and 135 kg ha−1, respectively. On average, grain yield, N agronomic efficiency (NAE), and grain N recovery efficiency (GNRE) were 6%, 20%, and 15% greater, respectively, under NT compared with CT and RT. Quadratic models explained yield response to N rate and growing season precipitation for each tillage practice. Grain yield increases per growing season precipitation were 22.9, 14.9, and 11.9 kg ha−1 mm−1 with NT, CT, and RT, respectively. Fertilizer-N application increased sorghum grain yield and protein concentration, but NAE and GNRE decreased beyond 45 kg ha−1 N. In conclusion, NT is the best management practice to increase grain sorghum yield, NAE, and NRE in nonirrigated winter wheat–sorghum–fallow rotations.

Key words
  • agronomic efficiency
  • fertilizer application
  • nutrient use
  • rotation
  • tillage
  • © 2022 by the Soil and Water Conservation Society
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Journal of Soil and Water Conservation: 77 (6)
Journal of Soil and Water Conservation
Vol. 77, Issue 6
November/December 2022
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No-tillage and fertilizer-nitrogen improved sorghum yield in dryland wheat–sorghum–fallow rotation
M.A. Majrashi, A.K. Obour, C.J. Moorberg, R.P. Lollato, J.D. Holman, J. Du, M.M. Mikha, Y. Assefa
Journal of Soil and Water Conservation Nov 2022, 77 (6) 609-618; DOI: 10.2489/jswc.2022.00241

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No-tillage and fertilizer-nitrogen improved sorghum yield in dryland wheat–sorghum–fallow rotation
M.A. Majrashi, A.K. Obour, C.J. Moorberg, R.P. Lollato, J.D. Holman, J. Du, M.M. Mikha, Y. Assefa
Journal of Soil and Water Conservation Nov 2022, 77 (6) 609-618; DOI: 10.2489/jswc.2022.00241
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Keywords

  • agronomic efficiency
  • fertilizer application
  • nutrient use
  • rotation
  • tillage

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