Abstract
Forested riparian buffer strips are recommended as an agricultural best management practice for protection of water quality and for wildlife habitat. Since the 1990s, federal and state conservation agencies in Virginia have been involved in establishment of riparian buffers under the auspices of programs, such as the Conservation Reserve Enhancement Program (CREP). Riparian buffers established by the CREP program are considered to be beneficial towards the protection of water quality. However, the benefit is based upon assumption that planted trees and shrubs survive and grow. Little evaluation has been done within the state to document the success of the establishment efforts. We evaluated 63 riparian planting sites located in the Coastal Plain, Piedmont, and Ridge and Valley physiographic provinces of Virginia. Overall, the riparian forests in the Coastal Plain and Piedmont were fully stocked due to a combination of planted and natural regeneration. Riparian forests in the Ridge and Valley region were inadequately stocked, and the region has problems with invasive, exotic species. Major recommendations for improving the success of future riparian restoration and establishment efforts are to (1) include the potential for natural regeneration when planning CREP plantings, (2) stop mechanized operations in the riparian buffers that reduce planted and natural regeneration (e.g., mowing and disking), (3) reduce herbivory (particularly cattle) within the riparian buffer, and (4) control invasive exotic species as necessary.
Footnotes
Benjamin N. Bradburn is a graduate research assistant, and W.M. Aust is a professor in the Forest Resources and Environmental Conservation Department of the College of Natural Resources, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia. Charles A. Dolloff is a project leader for the US Forestry Service Southern Research Station Coldwater Fisheries Research Unit, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia. Dean Cumbia is the director of the Forest Resource Management Division, and Jerre Creighton is the research program manager in the Virginia Department of Forestry, Charlottesville, Virginia.
- © 2009 by the Soil and Water Conservation Society
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