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Accumulation of heavy metals in soil-crop systems: a review for wheat and corn

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Abstract

The health risks arising from heavy metal pollution (HMP) in agricultural soils have attracted global attention, and research on the accumulation of heavy metals in soil-plant systems is the basis for human health risk assessments. This review studied the accumulation of seven typical heavy metals—Cd, Cr, As, Pb, Hg, Cu, and Zn—in soil-corn and soil-wheat systems. The findings indicated that, in general, wheat was more likely to accumulate heavy metals than corn. Bioconcentration factor (BCF) of the seven heavy metals in wheat and corn grains decreased exponentially with their average concentrations in soil. The seven heavy metals were ranked as follows, in ascending order of accumulation in corn grains: Pb < Cr < Zn < As < Cu < Cd <Hg. As for the order of accumulation in wheat grains, their ranking was as follows: Zn < Pb < Cr < Cu < As < Hg <Cd. The minimum BCFs of Cd, Cr, As, Pb, Hg, Cu, and Zn in corn grains were 0.054, 6.65 × 10−4, 7.94 × 10−4, 0.0044, 0.028, 0.13, and 0.19, respectively. The corresponding BCFs values for wheat grains were 0.25, 0.0045, 5.42 × 10−4, 0.009, 4.03 × 10−4, 0.11, and 0.054, respectively.

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Acknowledgements

This study was funded by the National Science & Technology Project (grant number 2015BAD20B03), State Key Laboratory Program (grant number 2016ZY05), and Beijing Science & Technology Project (grant number D151100004115002).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing, 100083, China

    Shiyu Wang & Fei Liu

  2. State Key Laboratory of Simulation and Regulation of the Water Cycle in the River Basin, China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing, 100048, China

    Wenyong Wu, Renkuan Liao & Yaqi Hu

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  1. Shiyu Wang
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  2. Wenyong Wu
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  3. Fei Liu
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  4. Renkuan Liao
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  5. Yaqi Hu
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Correspondence to Wenyong Wu or Fei Liu.

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Responsible editor: Roberto Terzano

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Wang, S., Wu, W., Liu, F. et al. Accumulation of heavy metals in soil-crop systems: a review for wheat and corn. Environ Sci Pollut Res 24, 15209–15225 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-017-8909-5

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