Issue 9, 2011

Nitrate leaching to shallow groundwater systems from agricultural fields with different management practices

Abstract

Monitoring the concentration of NO3-N from agricultural fields to the subsurface and shallow ground water resources have received considerable interest worldwide, since agriculture has been identified as a major source of nitrate-nitrogen (NO3-N) pollution of groundwater systems in intensively farmed watersheds. A study was conducted to quantify the impact of two tillage practices viz. chisel plow (CP) and no till (NT) with liquid swine manure application on nitrate leaching to the shallow ground water system under corn-soybean production system. This study is part of the long-term field experiments conducted at Iowa State University using completely randomized block design. The NO3-N concentrations in the shallow ground water were monitored at three depths viz., a network of subsurface drains at a depth of 1.2 m and piezometers at depths of 1.8 m and 2.4 m. Results of this study showed that the average NO3-N concentration during the study period was 16.1 mg l−1, 14.4 mg l−1 and 11.8 mg l−1 at 1.2 m, 1.8 m and 2.4 m depths, respectively implying significant amount of NO3-N leaching past the subsurface drain depth of 1.2 m into the shallow groundwater but the NO3-N concentration decreases with the depth. The NO3-N concentrations in shallow groundwater were significantly higher under the chisel plow system in comparison with the no till method of tillage. Fall application of liquid swine manure caused more leaching in comparison with the spring application. Higher NO3-N concentration was observed under corn in comparison with the soybean plots. An in-depth analysis of the data showed a definite relationship between the NO3-N concentration in subsurface drain water at a depth of 1.2 m and shallow groundwater at depths of 1.8 m and 2.4 m depths.

Graphical abstract: Nitrate leaching to shallow groundwater systems from agricultural fields with different management practices

Article information

Article type
Paper
Submitted
08 Feb 2011
Accepted
02 Jun 2011
First published
25 Jul 2011

J. Environ. Monit., 2011,13, 2550-2558

Nitrate leaching to shallow groundwater systems from agricultural fields with different management practices

P. Nila Rekha, R. S. Kanwar, A. K. Nayak, C. K. Hoang and C. H. Pederson, J. Environ. Monit., 2011, 13, 2550 DOI: 10.1039/C1EM10120J

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